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| English: Prostate and bladder, sagittal section. 中文: 前列腺與膀胱，矢狀切面。 (Photo credit: Wikipedia) |
The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system that helps produce semen, the thick fluid that carries sperm cells. The prostate is a walnut-sized structure located beneath the bladder of males. It surrounds the upper part of the urethra. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder.
Prostate function is regulated by testosterone, the male sex hormone produced primarily in the testicles. Prostate cancer represents a significant number of malignancies in men over the age of 50 years. The incidence of prostate cancer has been increasing each decade in the United States. About 200,000 new cases and 38,000 deaths are related to prostate cancer each year in the United States. African-American males have the highest incidence of prostate cancer in the world.1 The disease is rare in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Prostate cancer typically has a strange course. It often is inactive for many years. Once activated, it tends to progress slowly. The disease is often fatal if it spreads beyond the prostate gland. The cause of prostate cancer is still unknown, but it is likely related to hormonal factors. In particular, the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone(DHT) is recognized as an important factor in the development of disease. Adenocarcinoma is the primary type of prostate cancer, but sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, ductal transitional carcinoma, and undifferentiated prostatic carcinoma also occur.
Source:Prostate Cancer Fund,(a special program of Project Cure Foundation) P.O. Box 96673, Washington, D.C. 20090-6673 • 1-800-716-2152. Photo courtesy of www.scq.ubc.ca
Prostate function is regulated by testosterone, the male sex hormone produced primarily in the testicles. Prostate cancer represents a significant number of malignancies in men over the age of 50 years. The incidence of prostate cancer has been increasing each decade in the United States. About 200,000 new cases and 38,000 deaths are related to prostate cancer each year in the United States. African-American males have the highest incidence of prostate cancer in the world.1 The disease is rare in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Prostate cancer typically has a strange course. It often is inactive for many years. Once activated, it tends to progress slowly. The disease is often fatal if it spreads beyond the prostate gland. The cause of prostate cancer is still unknown, but it is likely related to hormonal factors. In particular, the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone(DHT) is recognized as an important factor in the development of disease. Adenocarcinoma is the primary type of prostate cancer, but sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, ductal transitional carcinoma, and undifferentiated prostatic carcinoma also occur.
Source:Prostate Cancer Fund,(a special program of Project Cure Foundation) P.O. Box 96673, Washington, D.C. 20090-6673 • 1-800-716-2152. Photo courtesy of www.scq.ubc.ca
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